Sewage treatment is a critical process in modern sanitation and environmental management. It involves the removal of contaminants from wastewater, ensuring that it is safe to return to the environment or to be reused. One of the most effective and sustainable methods of sewage treatment relies on the use of microbes. These tiny organisms play a vital role in breaking down organic matter, removing harmful pathogens, and purifying water. This article explores the various ways in which microbes are utilized in sewage treatment, the processes involved, and the benefits they provide.