Sewage treatment is a vital process in modern civilization that helps protect public health and the environment. The treatment of wastewater involves three main stages: primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment. Each stage serves a specific purpose in removing different types of contaminants from wastewater before it can be safely released back into the environment or reused for various purposes. The evolution of sewage treatment technology has been driven by increasing environmental awareness, stricter regulations, and the growing need to protect water resources for future generations. Modern treatment facilities are designed to handle various types of wastewater, from domestic sewage to industrial effluents, ensuring comprehensive treatment regardless of the source.