Availability: | |
---|---|
Quantity: | |
Industrial uses:
Hydrochloric acid is an inorganic strong acid solution that has a wide range of applications in industrial processes, such as the refining of metals. Hydrochloric acid can often determine the quality of a product.
Analytical Chemistry:
In analytical chemistry, when an acid is used to determine the concentration of a base, it is usually titrated with hydrochloric acid. Titration with a strong acid solution makes the endpoint more visible and thus gives more accurate results. At 1 standard atmospheric pressure, 20.2 per cent hydrochloric acid forms a constant boiling solution, which is often used as a reference material in quantitative analysis under a certain air pressure. Its concentration at constant boiling varies with changes in air pressure.
Hydrochloric acid is often used to dissolve solid samples for further analysis, including dissolving some metals to form soluble substances with calcium carbonate or copper oxide to facilitate analysis.
Acid cleaning of steel:
One of the most important uses of hydrochloric acid is in pickling steel. Hydrochloric acid can be used to reactively remove surface rust or iron oxides prior to subsequent treatment of iron or steel (extrusion, rolling, galvanising, etc.). A solution of hydrochloric acid at a concentration of 18 per cent is usually used as an acid pickling agent to clean carbon steel:
The remaining spent acid is often reused as a solution of ferrous chloride, but the high content of heavy metals has made this practice less common.
The pickled steel industry has developed hydrochloric acid regeneration processes such as spray roasters or fluidised bed hydrochloric acid regeneration. These processes allow the regeneration of hydrogen chloride gas from the pickling solution. The most common of these is the high temperature hydrolysis process, which has the following reaction equation:
The hydrochloric acid is obtained by dissolving the produced hydrogen chloride gas in water. By recycling the spent acid, a closed acid cycle is created. The by-product iron oxide is also used in various industrial processes.
Control of pH and neutralisation of lye
Hydrochloric acid can be used to adjust the pH of a solution:
In industries with very high purity requirements (e.g., for food, pharmaceuticals, and drinking water), high-purity hydrochloric acid is commonly used to regulate the pH of water streams; when the requirements are relatively modest, industrially pure hydrochloric acid is sufficient to neutralise wastewater, or to treat water in swimming pools .
For flame-colour reactions:
Flame-colour reactions are often used for the examination of metals or their compounds, and the platinum wire used for the examination is washed with dilute hydrochloric acid to remove the influence of impurity elements.
Before testing the substance, the platinum wire should be cleaned with hydrochloric acid, and then put on the flame to burn until the flame is the original colour before the experiment .
Regeneration of cation exchange resins:
High-quality hydrochloric acid is often used to regenerate cation exchange resins. Cation exchange is widely used in the production of pure water to remove ions such as Na+ and Ca2+ contained in the solution, and hydrochloric acid flushes out these ions from the reacted resin. One H+ replaces one Na+ and Ca2+ requires two H+.
Ion exchange resins and water softening are used in almost all chemical industries, especially drinking water production and the food industry.
Other applications:
Hydrochloric acid has many other small-scale uses, such as in leather processing, salt production, and for use in the construction industry [28]. Hydrochloric acid is also commonly used in the oil industry: it is injected into oil wells in order to dissolve the rock, creating a large cavity. This method is frequently used in the oil extraction industry in the North Sea oil fields.
Hydrochloric acid dissolves calcium carbonate and its applications include descaling or lime mortar for bricklaying, but hydrochloric acid is dangerous and should be used with caution. It reacts with the calcium carbonate in lime mortar to form calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water:
Hydrochloric acid is commonly used in the production of gelatine, food, food ingredients and food additives. Typical examples are aspartame, fructose, citric acid, lysine, and acid-hydrolysed vegetable proteins. All of these processes use food-grade (very pure) hydrochloric acid.
Hot Tags: Hydrochloric Acid, hydrochloric acid cleaning agent, wholesale, manufacturers, factory, suppliers, for sale, price
content is empty!